Expert review of laws, reports and government websites. Official government data and information. Interviews with the central government function responsible for co-ordination of quality management (if this exists) and with line ministries and agencies. This sub-indicator only considers the use of the following tools and techniques for quality management and quality assurance: European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), Common Assessment Framework (CAF), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001, or equivalent other quality-management tool (e.g. national quality management framework). Two criteria are assessed: • Central policy framework: a central framework for quality management exists and applies to all central government institutions. There is no distinction between mandatory, recommended or voluntary implementation; • Adoption: calculated as a share of the sample of institutions (see below for sample composition) having implemented at least one of the defined tools and techniques. Evidence of implementation can be provided by government institutions or: • CAF: mentioned as regular CAF user on http://caf.eipa.eu (“Effective CAF user” status not required); • ISO: evidence of ISO implementation and self-assessment (e.g. assessment report; certification not required); • EFQM: evidence of EFQM implementation and self-assessment (e.g. assessment report; external assessment not required). The adoption review is carried out based on five central government ministries (responsible for: healthcare, education, justice, interior affairs and economy) plus three central government agencies (national tax administration, national statistical office and telecommunications regulator). Where an agency does not exist, it can be replaced by the national healthcare fund or the national employment service provider. Points are awarded for each of the following two criteria (total of 4 points): • central policy framework for quality management exists (1 point); • the percentage of sample institutions that have implemented at least one tool or technique: ---- 3 points = 75%-100% ---- 2 points = 50%-74.99% ---- 1 point = 25%-49.99% ---- 0 points = 0%-24.99%